Faraday's Butterfly Net Electricity & Magnetism_Circuits the shared mass isolating volume

the shared mass isolating volume and density as the distinguishing variables across metals and polymers

Wider 70 x 20 x 8mm cross-section on this Alnico bar pair gives a broader pole face than typical bar magnets

5mm copper wire on a clear acrylic base support side-by-side comparison of how loop count multiplies the on-axis magnetic field at fixed current

mechanical-advantage

Acrylic bell-in-vacuum jar with an internal 4-6V DC electric bell that fades and falls silent as the enclosed air is removed

Faraday's Butterfly Net Electricity & Magnetism_Circuits the shared mass isolating volumeDemonstrates that charge resides only on the outer surface of a conductor by inverting the charged net inside out and showing the charge transferring to the new outside layer.